La caratterizzazione del trattamento cognitivo-comportamentale del disturbo ossessivo-compulsivo in infanzia e adolescenza: una revisione descrittiva
Parole chiave:
DOC, Infanzia, Adolescenza, Trattamento Cognitivo-ComportamentaleAbstract
La letteratura scientifica disponibile indica due tipologie principali di trattamento del disturbo ossessivo-compulsivo (DOC) in età infantile e adolescenziale: il trattamento cognitivo-comportamentale e il trattamento farmacologico (SSRI). Una serie di studi hanno evidenziato che questi due trattamenti, anche combinati tra loro, hanno un’efficacia significativa in termini di riduzione di sintomi (dal 40 al 65%) e di remissione del disturbo. Per quanto riguarda il trattamento psicoterapeutico, nel corso degli anni, è stato possibile riscontrare una caratterizzazione sempre più precisa di diversi aspetti come, ad esempio, la modalità di somministrazione, la durata dell’intervento e il coinvolgimento delle famiglie. La presente revisione narrativa nasce dallo scopo di voler individuare le differenti peculiarità del trattamento cognitivo-comportamentale in bambini e/o adolescenti con DOC che si sono sviluppate negli ultimi 10 anni (dal 2013 al 2023), individuando così 5 macroaree in cui includere le diverse specificità del trattamento. La terapia cognitivo-comportamentale può essere considerata l’approccio “gold-standard” di riferimento per il trattamento del DOC in popolazioni pediatriche, anche in tutti i suoi differenti protocolli che si sono sviluppati negli ultimi anni.
doi: 10.53240/2024topic1.012.002
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