Cognitive training in parkinson's disease: a literature review
Keywords:
Parkinson’s disease, cognitive training, Socially Assistive Robots, non-pharmacological treatment, executive functionsAbstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that manifests itself through motor and non-motor symptoms, including cognitive deficits, that have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients and their caregivers. The management of cognitive deficits with pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments is crucial, as they can be precursors of more severe cognitive conditions such as mild cognitive decline (MCI) up to dementia. Although pharmacological treatment shows limited evidence, non-pharmacological interventions, such as socially assistive robots (SAR) and cognitive training (CT), may be innovative and encouraging intervention strategies. In the literature, studies have shown that the use of SARs reduces the severity of apathy and stimulates social interaction in patients with dementia and MCI. Furthermore, it has been shown that patients with cognitive decline consider the presence and interaction with SAR pleasant and show an improvement in their cognitive performance. In addition to the use of SARs, studies on patients with dementia and MCI as well as with PD have shown an improvement in executive functions, attention and memory after the use of CT. The systematic review shows that the most effective interventions appear to be computer-based interventions (TCC), both standardised and personalised, carried out with or without the intervention of a caregiver. The combination of CT and SAR thus appears to be a promising prospect, offering significant improvements on both cognitive and emotional and relational aspects. Nevertheless, future studies are needed to find a balance between standardisation and customisation of treatment protocols with TCC and SAR, in order to generalise the results obtained and evaluate the long-term effects of both interventions.
doi: 10.53240/2024topic1.011.001
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